Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: This study was done at the University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria between January and June, 2006. It was designed to determine the incidence and prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in conjunctivitis in the Ophthalmology clinic of the hospital as well as the antibiotic sensitivity profile to chloramphenicol. A total of 210 swabs were gram-stained and cultured bacteriologically. 158 were positive for bacterial pathogens while 26 were bacteriologically sterile. A total of 174 bacterial isolate both in pure and mi…

Abstract: The antimicrobial efficacy of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of ten Nigerian chewing sticks was investigated using standard methods. These extracts were tested against six bacteria associated with dental infections; they are Actinomyces vercosus, Neisseria sicca, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus salivarius and Moraxella catarrhalis. Generally, ethanolic extract had higher activity on the test organisms than the aqueous extracts. The zone of inhibition of Viellaria paradoxical (Gaertn. F) r…

Abstract: This study examined the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts (butanolic, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and the product H2) of 2 plants belonging to the Asteraceae family: Rhaponticum acaule L. and Scorzonera undulata L. Butanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of the Rhaponticum acaule plant showed a moderate antibacterial activity against 3 of the tested strains; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus fecalis while Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Citrobacter…

Abstract: Ralstonia sp. TSC1 previously isolated from cowpea nodules was tagged with gfp gene by transposon insertion. The resultant gfp-tagged Ralstonia sp. TSC1 showed no difference in physiological properties such as growth rate, exopolysaccharide formation and colony morphology. When it was co- inoculated with compatible bradyrhizobial strains, the observation of fluorescence microscopy showed that TSC1 strains were colonized in subsurface of cowpea nodules and stems. In addition, TSC1 positively and negatively modulated…

Abstract: The effects of various carbon and nitrogen sources and enzymes on the antibacterial activity of Enetrococcus faecium bacteriocin L17 (3.5 kDa) isolated from poultry gut and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out. The bacteriocin exhibited antibacterial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, as well as some funding such as Micrococcus flavus and Candida mycoderma, but had no effect on Lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The metabolite was stable in the p…

Abstract: Surfactants are amphipathic molecules which reduce surface tension and are widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. In the present study, the production of biosurfactant by Bacillus subtilis PTCC 1023 was studied. B. subtilis was grown in the nutrient broth medium and biosurfactant production was evaluated by measuring the surface tension and emulsification index (E24) each 24 h. The bacterium’s biosurfactant production was investigated in different status with variable factors such as incubatio…

Abstract: Some of Bacillus strains, especially Bacillus pumilus, were the best acetoin producers. This study attempts to disclose the mechanisms of vigorous acetoin excretion using B. pumilus ATCC 14884 as a model strain. The production of acetoin by this strain has been studied under a variety of conditions. Glucose was found to be a much better substrate than citrate, pyruvate, succinate, or fumarate for acetoin production. Malonate was used to slow down the Krebs cycle and the addition of 0.10 M malonate was found to inhi…

Abstract: In this study, influence of cultural conditions on hydrogen peroxide production by lactic acid bacteria was investigated. Leuconostoc mesenteroides produced the highest quantity (0.024 L) of hydrogen peroxide while Lactobacillus plantarum produced the lowest amount (0.016 g/L) in normal MRS. The effect of temperature on hydrogen peroxide production was determined and the result showed that Leuc. mesenteroides produced the highest quantity (0.024 g/L) at 30°C while L. brevis produced the lowest amount (0.012 g/L) of…

Abstract: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important endemic parasitic diseases in different parts of Iran. It is also a health problem in some tropical and subtropical countries. The purpose of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of canine VL (CVL) in owned dogs of Sarab and to identify the isolated Leishmania species. Sera samples were taken from 384 dogs from 30 random villages around Sarab and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . A total of thirty five dogs were seropositi…

Abstract: Bacillus subtilis was isolated from milk samples. Antibiotic resistance and the antimicrobial activity of B. subtilis were studied. All the four isolates of B. subtilis were sensitive to antibiotics such as streptomycin (25 g/ml), ampicillin (10 g/ml), penicillin (10 g/ml), erythromycin (15 g/ml), amoxycillin (10 g/ml).But they were resistant to bacitracin (10 g/ml). B. subtilis shown antibacterial activity against the selected human pathogens such as Salmonella spp, Streptococcus spp, Klebsiella spp and E. coli. T…

Abstract: To establish a rapid, sensitive and specific detection method for deep fungal infection, we detected the deep infection of Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus by using multiplex fluorescent real-time PCR (MFRT-PCR). Firstly, the positive rate, sensitivity and specificity of multiplex fluorescent quantitative PCR for detecting the fungal infection was tested in 20 specimens from systemic lupus erythematosus patients with C. albicans and A. flavus infections. Then, 20…

Abstract: This study was undertaken to examine in vitro antioxidant, radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities of extracts of Achillea schischkinii Sosn. and Achillea teretifolia Waldst. and Kitt (Asteraceae). The plant materials were extracted in methanol, water and chloroform using rotary evaporator apparatus. The extracts were screened for antioxidant activity using the ABTS radical scavenging capacity, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chel…

Abstract: In this study urine and prostatic secretion samples of patients with chronic prostatitis were investigated for various prostatitis pathogens and the correlation between clinical symptoms. A total of 60 patients with chronic prostatitis were examined, prostatic secretion and urine specimens were evaluated under direct microscopy after staining with Giemsa and Gram. The selective media were used to investigate the presence of bacterial pathogens, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Based on the laboratory…

Abstract: The inhibitory activities of seven Paenibacillus polymyxa strains and nine Paenibacillus macerans strains against Ralstonia solanacearum strains were examined. Result from this study indicated that the growth of all R. solanacearum strains except strain E406 were inhibited by P. macerans MB02-992 and P. polymyxa MB02-1007, while the other fourteen Paenibacillus strains had no in vitro inhibitory effect against R. solanacearum strains. In addition, suspensions of the two antagonistic bacteria showed antibacterial ac…

Abstract: The study carried out aimed at assessing the impact of groundwater storage temperature at household conditions on the temporal evolution of electrical conductivity and the future of heterotrophic aerobe bacteria (HAB). The storage duration was 7 days and the considered temperatures were 3, 10, 18 and 25°C. The electrical conductivity during storage reached 829 µS/cm at 3 - 18°C and 850 µS/cm at 25°C. The maximum HAB abundance was 9 x 103 cfu/ml at 3°C, 41 x 103 cfu/ml at 10°C, 44 x 103 cfu/ml at 18°C and 93 x 103 c…