Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated multipotent cells which reside in various human tissues and have the potential to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, fibroblasts and other tissues of mesenchymal origin. In this study, we investigated the effect of 60Co radiation on the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. MSCs were treated with increasing radiation doses to assess the effect on MSC. Results showed that 2 Gy of 60Co radiation did not significantly affect MSCs. When comp…

Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens which cause Bovine Mastitis (BM). Probiotic lactobacilli have the great potential to produce antimicrobial compounds that inhibit and control pathogenic bacteria. Antagonistic activity of probiotic lactobacilli ( L. acidophilus DSM 20079, L. plantarum ATCC 8014, L. casei ATCC 39392 and L. reuteri ATCC 23272) against S. aureus isolated from bovine mastitis (BM S. aureus) and standard S. aureus ATCC 25923 was the objective of this study. Antagonistic effect of probi…

Abstract: Antimicrobial effect of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW: pH 5.6 ± 0.1, 20.5 ± 1.3 mg/L available chlorine concentration; ACC) against indigenous aerobic mesophiles and inoculated Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. on fresh strawberry was assessed. The antimicrobial effect of SAEW was compared with that of strong acidic electrolyzed water (StAEW) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution. SAEW effectively reduced total aerobic mesophilic bacteria from strawberries by 1.68 log10CFU/g and was not significant…

Abstract: We have studied the inhibition of polysaccharides of Astragalus membranaceus against liver cancer cell HepG2. The polysaccharides at higher doses (25 mg/ml) have stronger antitumour effects, decreasing more than 40.5% (24 h) and 67.3% (48 h) of liver cancer HepG2 cell viability. A high percentage of apoptotic HepG2 cells was found at 25 mg/ml of A. membranaceus polysaccharides. 23.9 and 38.2% of cells experienced apoptosis when HepG2 cells were treated for 24 and 48 h with 25 mg/ml of A. membranaceus polysaccharide…

Abstract: An investigation was carried out to determine the species of cellulolytic fungi present in the soil environment of Keffi metropolis. Keffi town is the Headquaters of Keffi Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Soil samples of 200 g each were collected at random from 10 different locations at dump sites of Keffi town. Malt extract agar and potato dextrose agar were used for the isolation of mesophilic filamentous fungi at incubation temperature of 25°C. All the isolates were again inoculated on chemicall…

Abstract: Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, the causal agent of Alternariosis of groundnut seeds ( Arachis hypogaea L.) was toxigenic when cultured on various laboratory media. The cell free extract or culture filtrate induced severe chlorosis and necrosis on leaves, inhibition of root and shoot growth of germinating seeds and wilting of seedlings. A phytotoxin was isolated both from cell free extract/culture filtrate and infected tissues, purified and identified as tenuazonic acid, by using thin layer chromatography, ult…

Abstract: The growth inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from cassava was studied in-vitro using Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Both fungi were cultured together on the same Petri plate using three different pairing methods. Inoculation of each fungus on separate Petri plates served as controls. For each pairing method, experiments were conducted in five replicates. Radial growth (cm) of both C. gloeosporioides and T. longibrachiatum in all Petri plates were measured daily for 7 days. In all the three pairing…

Abstract: It is important to study the genotypic diversity of Salmonella plasmid genes which are responsible for its virulence. In the present study multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex PCR) assay was carried out for detection of Salmonella enteritidis and presence of invA and spv genes. In the first stage of the study, 1001 poultry samples were collected from a slaughterhouse in Kerman province (southern Iran). Biochemical and serological tests were then performed for identification of Salmonella serovars and 6.79…

Abstract: A total of 84 culturable marine actinomycetes belonging to 15 generic morphotypes were isolated from water and rock scrapings from the Nahoon beach, a coastal shore of Indian Ocean in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The colonies showed diverse morphological characteristics and their occurrence and distribution varied with sample type. The rock scrappings yielded more actinomycetes morphotypes than the water samples. Streptomyces was most prevalent in both samples. Actinoplane, Actinosynnema, Norcadia, No…

Abstract: The bacteriological quality of some Nigerian currencies in circulation was investigated in terms of total bacterial count and kinds of bacterial species present. The notes had high bacterial counts: ranging from 1.5×104 to 4.2×104 cfu/cm2; there was no significant difference in the bacterial counts. Eight bacterial species were isolated: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella sp. Salmonella sp. was…

Abstract: An aerobic suspended carrier biofilm reactor was efficient in simultaneous organic carbon and nitrogen removal, with COD removal efficiencies of 87.1–99.0% and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) efficiencies about 96.7-98.8%. The effects of substrate loading on microbial morphology and community structure were investigated by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis (DGGE) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Biofilms formed at different…

Abstract: A total of 262 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from 23 evergreen plant species collected from Zijin Mountain in Nanjing, China. Two-hundred and three of the fungi isolates were classified into 23 taxa in 19 genera based on colony morphology and microscopic observation of mycelia and asexual/sexual spores. The highest richness was obtained from Cedrus deodara (28), while the highest diversity of identified species (6) was isolated from Sabina procumbens. Some fungi appeared to be host-specific, such as Bot…

Abstract: Ten bacteria and five fungi capable of utilising lubricating oil as carbon source were isolated from mechanic soil. The growth profiles were determined by monitoring the optical density, total viable counts, dry weights and pH of the culture utilizing lubricating oil as sole carbon and energy source. The total viable counts increased significantly with optical density and dry weights of fungi as the days of incubation progressed until the 14th day (P < 0.001). There was significant decrease in pH (P < 0.001) as fun…

Abstract: Ten Bacteriocinogennic enterococci, isolates from chicken and rabbits, were examined for their binding of collagen, fibronectin, albumin and vitronectin in tubes with Nutrient broth No.2. For ECM binding examination, enterococci were grown in MRS broth under normal air conditions at 37°C. Individual strains expressed binding of selected glycoproteins to various degrees, however, vitronectin was bound the best from these four ECM proteins. These observations lead to suggestion that at least one mode of enterococcal…

Abstract: Multidrug resistant (MDR) gram positive infectious agents can cause severe infections and monotherapy of these infections by current available antimicrobial agents can be problematic. Therefore, antimicrobial combination therapy may be needed for effective treatment. The study aimed to investigate in vitro effects of binary combinations of tigecycline (TGC), daptomycin (DPC) and teicoplanin (TP) against 4 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 2 vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and 9 vancomycin…