Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Dental caries is a microbiologic infection of the tooth which results in localized dissolution and destruction of the calcified tissue and it is one of the most common chronic infectious diseases in humans throughout the world. People spent huge amounts of money and time in treating dental caries. Hence, it is essential to prevent and control dental caries in public health. In our studies, a total of 70 clinical specimens, 37 from male and 33 from female dental caries patient’s samples were collected. All the clini…

Abstract: The inhibition zones of three Bacillus subtilis isolates, BS-99, BS-23857 and BS-33608 against Pestalotiopsis eugeniae were, 13.5, 0, and 0 mm, respectively. BS-99 showed the strongest inhibitory activity, whereas, no inhibitory activity was reported for BS-23857 or BS-33608. The spore germination rates of P. eugeniae were not significantly inhibited by n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), or methanol (MeOH) extracts of the fermentation broths of BS-99, BS-23857, and BS-33608. However, the hyphae of P. eugeniae became…

Abstract: Clostridium butyricum is a widely utilized probiotics, also used as an alternative to antibiotics for humans and growth promotion in a wide variety of livestock species. The objective of this study is to develop an economical and practical fermentation medium for the growth of C. butyricum TK2 using orthogonal test. The optimal fermentation medium was obtained by the single factor and the orthogonal test of carbon source, nitrogen source and growth factors design. The fermentation medium was estimated to be the mos…

Abstract: Strains of shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Shigella dysenteriae type1 have been associated with outbreaks of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. Most clinical signs of disease arise as consequence of the production of shiga toxin/shiga toxin 1 (Stx/Stx1), shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) or combination of these toxins. Here, we designed a Multiplex PCR technique to identify stx/stx1 and stx2 genes with the incorporation of mdh gene of E. coli and Shigella. A total of s…

Abstract: In this study, a novel multiplex- polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for rapid detection of various staphylococci strains, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, (MSSA) methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS), methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative staphylococci (MSCNS) and non-staphylococci strains, had been developed and applied. Six primers were specially designed on three target genes, which were mecA, 16S Ribosomal ribonu…

Abstract: Bulk tank milk samples were collected from 47 dairy herds in Mashhad suburb. From 19 herds, one sample was collected at each season in 2009 and from the rest of the 28 dairy herds one sample was collected only at autumn, 2009 and samples was tested by ELISA method for detecting antibodies to Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. These herds, which had not been vaccinated against leptospirosis within the previous five years, were categorised according to the herds’ regions. Nine herds (19.15%) out of 47 had a posit…

Abstract: To investigate the influences of viral infection on cell cycle of marine algae, we examined the changes of expression and activity of G 2/M-phase cell cycle regulators in two unicellular marine algae Emiliania huxleyi and Chrysochromulina ericina after viral infection by immunoblot. The results revealed that the expression of cyclins could be altered by viral infection, thus inhibiting the progression of cell cycle. E. huxleyi virus (EhV) repressed the activity of p34cdc2/cyclinB complex by inactivating p34cdc2 kin…

Abstract: Biochemical indices related with the transformations of C, N and P are frequently used in the diagnosis of soil quality. Such an assessment usually includes analysis of the following enzymes – the activity of dehydrogenases and of hydrolytic enzymes such as phosphatases, urease and protease. The objective of the study presented here was evaluation of dairy sewage sludge as an agent causing an improvement of soil quality or its degradation. Estimation of soil quality was performed on the basis of a comprehensive stu…

Abstract: Aqueous neem (Azadiracta indica) leaf extract was tested for its effect on Casuarina equisetifolia seed germination capacity, growth of Frankia and on some dominant rhizosphere microorganisms under casuarinas grown in soil contaminated with sewage water. Analysis was carried out to determine the main micro- and macroelement content of different extract amounts. The addition of extract amount between 10- 20 µl per 10 ml medium (1 - 2 µl ml-1) selectively stimulated Frankia growth and inhibited other non- beneficial…

Abstract: Although more than 100 serotypes of shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) have been implicated in cases of human diseases, E. coli O157 is the most common serogroup connected with sporadic cases and large outbreaks of diseases in many countries. Rapid and sensitive identification of this dangerous pathogen is important for patient management and for prompt epidemiological investigations. PCR has become a very rapid and reliable tool for the molecular diagnosis of E. coli O157. PCR assays are usually aimed at detec…

Abstract: An investigation was carried out to produce mutant isolates from Bacillus subtilis UG1 and Bacillus licheniformis OG4 isolated from vegetable proteins using a chemical mutagen N-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) at dosage concentration of 250 µg/ml. The mutant isolates obtained from wild strain of B. subtilis UG1 produced mutants (M1 to M9) and was screened for hyper producing effect. Mutant M1UG1 was obtained. The mutant isolates obtained from wild strain B. licheniformis OG4, produced 11 mutants (M1 to M11) and whe…

Abstract: Bacterial vaginosis is caused by an imbalance of the organisms that naturally exist in the vagina. The importance of bacterial vaginosis with respect to pregnant women’s health is emphasized by the association between bacterial vaginosis and adverse outcome of pregnancy. The aim of present study was to evaluate the direct smear microscopy and culture for determination of bacteria from vaginal discharge of pregnant women. In total, 240 vaginal swabs were collected from 120 pregnant women and were screened for bacter…

Abstract: Listeria monocytogenes is a causative agent of listeriosis. Clinical manifestation of invasive listeriosis is usually sever and include sepsis and meningoencephalitis. Uterian infection in listeriosis depend on gestational age varies from preterm labour, delivery of infected neonate to abortion. The present study investigated the incidence and antibiograms of the organism in clinical samples were collected from women with spontaneous abortions in Iran. Clinical samples were collected from patients with spontaneous…

Abstract: Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) has been considered as a new approach to the gene therapy of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), but whether it affect the in vivo PVR model induction remains unknown. In this study, 90 Wistar rats were averagely divided into three groups according to the content of intravitreal injection: normal saline (Group 1), retinal pigmented epithelial -J cells and PRP (Groups 2 and 3). In Group 3, a condition of UTMD was used additionally on days 3 and 7 after injection…

Abstract: Optimum culture condition for mycelia and exopolysaccharides production (EPS) by Pleurotus ostreatus in submerged liquid culture was investigated. The optimum temperature for mycelia yield and exopolysaccharide production was 25 and 15°C in day 14 with yields of 1.40 g/ml and 2700 mg/l respectively. Optimum pH was found to be 8 with respective yields of 2.5 g/ml and 2665 mg/l in day 12 for mycelia and EPS mannitol (9.75 g/litre) and raffinose stimulated the highest mycelia growth (3.0 g/ml) and EPS production (3000…