Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Bioassays were conducted using larvae of mealworms, Tenebrio molitor, to determine lethal concentration for five entomopathogenic strains of spore-forming bacteria. Lethal concentration was determined by feeding T. molitor larvae cabbage discs dipped in whole cell cultures of these five strains of bacteria. The strains of bacteria were isolates of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis and Brevibacillus laterosporus. An isolate of B. cereus required the highest concentration of viable spores (8.531 x 107 spores ml…

Abstract: Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial bacteria that colonize plant roots and enhance plant growth by a wide variety of mechanisms. The use of PGPR is steadily increasing in agriculture and offers an attractive way to replace chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Here, we have isolated and characterized PGPR traits from the rhizosphere soil of pigeon pea and tested for the growth enhancement of pigeon pea. Rhizosphere soils were collected from different areas of Samalkot, Pithapuram, Peddapuram a…

Abstract: Pectate lyases from Aspergillus spp. are a major kind of industrial pectinases, can improve the surface properties of natural fibers and have promising applications in medicine, food, textile and other industries. Pectate lyases catalyze the eliminative cleavage of de-esterified pectin, which is a major component of the primary cell walls of many higher plants. The Pectate lyase A (PelA) gene without an N-terminal signal peptide sequence from Aspergillus nidulans was recombinantly expressed using Escherichia coli a…

Abstract: The study determined bacterial population, pH value, oligosaccharides and isoflavone in defatted soy meal fermented by Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium longum at 37°C for 48 h. B. longum and L. paracasei fermented in defatted soy meal has significantly increased the maximum bacterial population over 9.6 log CFU/h and reduced pH to 4.9. Furthermore, content of oligosaccharides, including sucrose, raffinose and stachyose, in FDSM were significantly reduced by L. paracasei (97.7, 98.3 and 98.5%) and B. long…

Abstract: Enterobacter sakazakii (E. sakazakii) has been identified as emerging opportunistic pathogens that can cause enterocolitis, bacteraemia, meningitis, brain abscess, and urinary tract infection. They have been particularly associated with meningitis in neonates where infant milk formulae have been epidemiologically linked to the disease. This study was carried out during the period of November 2008 to March 2009; to determine the occurrence of E. sakazakii in clinical specimens and its resistance to traditionally use…

Abstract: Ascaris lumbricoides was surveyed among pupils of primary schools in Jos south local government. Four schools were visited: National Research Institute Staff Primary School, Rita Primary School, Joseph Primary School and St Andrew Primary School. A total of 471 samples were collected from pupils of these schools and processed using formol-ether concentration technique. Only 1 (0.2%) pupil from St Andrew Primary School was positive for A. lumbricoides. The prevalence of the infection among the age group showed that…

Abstract: A total number of 13 iron metabolism relation genes expression profiles of RAW264.7 murine macrophages infected or uninfected with Salmonella typhimurium were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to evaluate the metabolism of iron in host-pathogen interplay. The living wild-type S. typhimurium induces expression of the transferrin receptor (Tfr1) in host cell macrophages, which results in a sustained increase of the labile iron pool inside the host cell after 1 or 24 h infection. Gene expression a…

Abstract: In the present study a phage against Salmonella Dublin was isolated using agar overlay technique. On physical characterization of the phage (pH, temperature and sun light exposure) it was found that the phage could survive at varied pH conditions with reduction in its numbers. A temperature of above 50°C and direct sunlight beyond 5 days was found to be deleterious for survival of the phage.[...]

Abstract: Bacterial superantigen Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin C2 (SEC2) is a very potent activator of T cells. Previous crystal studies on SEC2 showed that residue Tyr26 which is located near the T cell receptor (TCR) binding sites could potentially participate in T cell activating. In SEC1, a superantigen highly homologous to SEC2, the residue Val26 played a critical role in stimulating certain V expansion. Moreover, residues 20, 22 and 26 in SEC1 determined its serologic cross-reaction. In order to investigate the pot…

Abstract: We investigated the effect of dietary carbohydrate supplementation on CANDIDA ALBICANS colonization using an animal model and a CANDIDA strain with both high phospholipase and proteinase activity. Normal and immunosuppressed mice were inoculated intraperitonially with C. ALBICANS and were allowed free access to drinking water supplemented or not with glucose. Blood and different organs including liver, spleen, lung and kidney were aseptically collected every 72 h post-infection. The presence and the growth of C. AL…

Abstract: BEAUVERIA BASSIANA is an insect pathogenic fungus and is currently being exploited as an effective commercial mycoinsecticide. Solid state fermentation is the most efficient way to mass produce B. BASSIANA conidiospores on solid substrates. Statistical optimization strategy was adopted to maximize the conidia production through solid state fermentation. Four substrates viz., rice (polished), crushed sorghum, wheat bran and rice bran at variable moisture content and yeast extract concentration were used. A full fact…

Abstract: Free radicals are produced during oxidative metabolism in body and they can attack all components of cells and cause cellular changes and early aging. Antioxidant materials role for balance maintenance in cells has currently attracted more attention. The aim of this study is investing of antimutation effect of Artemia, cyst and decapsulated egg extract by Ames test and Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 strain. These extract prevent reverse mutation caused by carcinogenic materials. In comparison with positive controls…

Abstract: We established a new screening method for oleaginous fungus, which was consistent with sudan black B stained but more convenient and faster. 11 strains of oleaginous fungi that utilize D- xylose were isolated from the soil of Qinghai Plateau by this method. These strains belong to 7 species by molecular identifying, they are Tilletiopsis albescens, Backusella ctenidia, lectosphaerella sp., Gibberella fujikuroi, Fusarium sp. Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium decumberns; 4 of which were the first time found to pr…

Abstract: Occurrence and spread of Salmonella genes encoding AmpC and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) is a major public health problem worldwide. These genes have been identified in Salmonella serotypes all over the world yet there is paucity of reports on these genes in Nigeria, despite the phenotypic evidence of resistance to beta- lactam drugs. The current work used a multiplex PCR to identify beta-lactam resistance genes in five Nigerian-origin Salmonella isolates exhibiting resistance to third-generation cephal…

Abstract: Hydroxyectoine and ectoine were accumulated in the moderately halophilic bacterium Halomonas ventosae DL7 as dominant compatible solutes in response to the external thermo- and osmo-stresses (30-42°C, 1-3 M NaCl). As the byproduct of ectoine, hydroxyectoine was directly converted from ectoine mediated by the ectoine hydroxylase in DL7, and the hydroxylase gene sequence was obtained by PCR. Further, the activity of ectoine hydroxylase of strain DL7 cells in vitro was determined at 30 to 42°C, and the thermo-stress c…