Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Verotoxin-producing of ESCHERICHIA COLI O157 is an increasingly common cause of severe gastrointestinal illness, enlisted among the most important emerging pathogens. The present study was conducted to investigate the presence of E. COLI O157 and E. COLI O157: H7 strains and to detect the presence of the STX1, STX2, EAE and EHXA insolates derived from 290 samples (120 samples from traditional fresh cheese, 120 samples from traditional ice cream and 50 samples from yoghurt). The samples were purchased from the Isfah…

Abstract: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are defined as β-lactamase capable of hydrolyzing third generation cephalosporin's and inhibited by β-lactamase inhibitor. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a one of the most prevalent infection in worldwide and is the second most common infection. Most of UTI are due to Escherichia coli. Antibiotic resistance in ESBLs strains is one of the emerging health related problem in the world nowadays. The present study was performed at Tow Tertiary Care Hospitals in Isfahan, Iran d…

Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent pathogens in nosocomial infections. We designed this cross-sectional study for evaluation of methicillin and vancomycin resistance in S. aureus strains that have been harbouring in the nasal nars of Shohadaie Ashayers hospital personnel (khorramabad, Iran). Samples were obtained by sterile cotton-wool swab moistened with normal saline rotation inside interior nares of 300 personnel and immediately point cultured on a section of mannitol salt agar. Suspected colonie…

Abstract: The aim of the current study is to establish a simple and fast method that can be easily applied in hospitals for the differentiation of biofilm and planktonic Staphylococcus aureus strains. To achieve the objective, two reference strains, methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) were examined using three types of methods; adhesion capacity of bacteria on polystyrene surfaces was verified using the quantification method followed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order…

Abstract: The physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characterization of kefir samples produced from cow/soy milk mixtures was carried out during storage at refrigerated conditions. Gross composition of samples was very closely related except lactose contents. Tyrosine levels of kefirs were also very similar. Leucine contents were increased with the raised soymilk ratio. Serum separation increased during storage for all samples. The lowest viscosity value was obtained when the soymilk were mixed to cow milk in a ratio…

Abstract: The microbiological and physico-chemical analyses of water samples obtained from the Orogodo River, Agbor, at point of industrial effluent discharge (Location 2) and at 100 m before (Location 1) and 100 m after (Location 3), were carried out using standard methods to determine the impact of the discharge on the water quality. While the temperature, conductivity, biological oxygen demand, and coliform counts increased from Stations 1 to 3 and pH, hardness, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen decreased from Stations 1 to…

Abstract: A total of 142 samples including beef (n = 52), fresh milk (n = 45) and rectal swabs of cattle (n = 45) were collected from various wet markets (beef) and dairy cattle farms (milk and rectal swabs) in the vicinity of Selangor, Malaysia. All samples were examined for the presence of Arcobacter species using four different isolation methods. The organisms were first identified on the basis of phenotypic tests and later the suspected isolates were confirmed using multiplex PCR (mPCR). Method I (MI) and Method II (MII)…

Abstract: The antibacterial activity and phytochemical properties of WALTHERIA INDICA Linn. was investigated, the result obtained showed that the ethanol extracts from the roots, stem and leaves were active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. The qualitative phytochemical screening of these different parts indicated the presence of saponins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, tannins, phenols and cardiac glycosides at varied degrees. All the extracts showed antibacterial activities against both Gram-p…

Abstract: In addition to the standard therapies of chemotherapies and surgical interventions, viral therapy for tumor treatment has provided a new option for cancer patients. Whether the effects are safe, however, remains to be fully evaluated. Accordingly, we explored the immunological mechanisms of viral action against the H22 ascitic tumor, using both the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and the parainfluenza virus (PIV). We measured IL-2 levels, Natural killer (NK) cell activity, lymphocyte proliferation rates, and the CD4+…

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in the inhibition of Brucella-containing vacuole (BCV) and lysosome fusion in BRUCELLA SUIS 1330 infected murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Autophagosome induction was observed following B. SUIS 1330 infection. The autophagic pathway was inhibited pharmacologically by 3-methylademine (3-MA) treatment or by RNAi-mediated depletion of the autophagy related gene, LC3. Compared with controls, suppression of the autophagic pathway was associated with a significant de…

Abstract: Synonymous codons are not used randomly. Rather, some codons are used more frequently than others. Investigating codon usage bias is essential to the understanding of viral evolution. However the factors shaping synonymous codon usage bias and nucleotide composition in animal viruses have been studied only to a limited extent. In our study, using the 19 complete CDS sequences of Spike (S) genes of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), we analyzed synonymous codon usage bias. The relative synonymous codon usage (R…

Abstract: Monascus pilosus MK-1 is a mutant of M. pilosus IFO4520, which is used to brew the red yeast rice for food industry as functional food additives or food colorants. The obvious phenotypes of the mutant MK-1 showed a high productivity of lovastatin and red pigments, slow growth of the fungal mycelia comparing with the wild type IFO4520. Through the suppression subtractive hybridization, we identified 30 up-expressed sequence tags (up-EST) (AB193486 to AB193498) from the mutant MK-1. Among them, 10 of the up-ESTs were…

Abstract: The emergence and spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR) has raised public health concern about global control of TB. Our objective was to estimate the incidence of XDR-TB as compared to susceptible controls from TB patients in Tehran-Iran between 2006 and 2009.Sputum culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) was done for patients with known or suspected TB. The strains that were identified as MDR were subjected to susceptibility testing for second-line drugs. Of 1…

Abstract: Fifty seminal samples were studied to determine the microbial influence in male infertility as well as the qualitative and quantitative features of the semen. Among the three bacterial isolates obtained from the sample, Staphylococcus aureus 7(77.8%) was found to be the most predominant isolate, other isolates were Escherichia coli 1(11.1%) and Citrobacter spp. In relation to semen concentration S. aureus was observed to be most frequently distributed among the characterized semen. The recovery frequency of organis…

Abstract: Steroid alkaloid solasodine is a nitrogen analogue of diosgenin that is used as a raw material for synthesis of steroid drugs. Plant medicinal SOLANUM SURATTENSE (SOLANACEAE) is a rich source of solasodine. The purpose of this study was production and maintenance of callus from leaves and comparison of solasodine steroid alkaloid production in outdoor plants and IN VITRO calli. The leaves were collected, sterilized and placed on MS medium supplemented with BAP (1 to 2 mg/l) and NAA (1 to 3 mg/l). The samples were k…