Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is responsible for considerable human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Based on the presence or absence of M. tuberculosis specific deletion (TbD1), M. tuberculosis isolates are divided into ancestral and modern strains. The aim of this study was to differentiate ancestral and modern M. tuberculosis in northwest of Iran. 165 M. tuberculosis strains were isolated from West and East Azarbaijan provinces of Iran. Ancient and modern M. tuberculosis isolates were distinguished by primer spec…

Abstract: The mycelial growth of eleven Fusarium oxysporum strains, eight isolated from seabed soil of the South- eastern Mediterranean coast of Spain and three formae speciales from diseased plants were tested on potato-dextrose-agar adjusted to different osmotic pressures with either KCl or NaCl (-1.50 to -144.54 bar) at 10°C intervals ranging from 15 to 35°C. The extent of growth of F. oxysporum shows the same pattern for isolates from the seabeds that for isolates of Formae speciales. Maximal growth was observed at -13.7…

Abstract: Pseudomonads is a versatile and cosmopolitan bacterial group that can occur in metal contaminated as well as clinical environment and many of them possess the ability to proliferate resistance to bacteria from their own or other group. Antibiotic resistance in clinical bacteria is a growing concern for mankind. Various reports have shown dual resistance of pseudomonads to metal and antibiotic involving different inheritable or non-inheritable mechanisms like co-resistance, cross-resistance, co-regulation, biofilm p…

Abstract: The production and properties of biosurfactants synthesized by Candida guilliermondii NRRL Y-2075 and Bacillus subtilis NRRL B- 94 using soy processing waste (okara) as substrate were investigated under different fermentation techniques. Higher oil displacement activities for the isolated biosurfactants were achieved by using submerged fermentation technique (SMF) for both organisms. Preliminary chemical characterization and IR spectroscopy for C. guilliermondii biosurfactant revealed that, it is mainly a glycolipi…

Abstract: Chitinase producing bacterial strain Micrococcus sp. AG84 isolated from marine sediments grew maximally in shake flask and produced chitinase at 35°C, pH 8.0. Chitinase activity was found to be maximum at 45°C, pH 8.0, and the enzyme was 100% stable even at 60°C and pH 11.0. Added with Fe2+, Ca2+ and Ni2+ chitinase activity increased but it was inhibited by EDTA. The molecular weight of purified chitinase is 33 kDa.[...]

Abstract: Cassava is made up of starch as its major nutritive reserve. Starch which is one of the most important products synthesized by plants is consumed as food and can be used in industrial processes. This investigation seeks to explore the availability of cassava as a source of glucose as well as poultry manure as a source of nitrogen in the production of yeast. Cassava flour was hydrolyzed with 0.5% (v/v) concentrated H2SO4 as carbon source for the production of yeast. It was found that pH 6.5 gave optimum yeast growth…

Abstract: Aquaporins are members of the major intrinsic protein superfamily of integral membrane proteins that enable the transport of water, glycerol and other solutes across membranes in diverse organisms. In yeasts, the proposed physiological roles of aquaporins are related to their contribution to freeze tolerance, osmoregulation and water transport. This article reports a contribution to the freeze tolerance in the heterologous expression of the Debaryomyces hansenii aquaporin gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the pr…

Abstract: Although many studies have shown the antitumor properties of ginger extract (Zingiber officinale), little is known regarding the mechanism of its effects. This study was conducted to determine the mechanism of antitumor effects of ginger extract by evaluating apoptosis rate and cell cycle progression status in colon cancer cell lines HCT 116 and p53 defective HT 29. HCT 116 and HT 29 cells were cultured in the presence of ginger extract at various concentrations for 24 h. The percentage of cell viability was determ…

Abstract: Much progress has been made in the cultivation and production of cassava (Manihot esculenta) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Nigeria. In the present study, investigation was carried out on the possibility of using cassava flour as a source of glucose as well as cowpea as source of nitrogen in the production of yeast. Acid hydrolysis (using dilute H2SO4) of cassava and cowpea was undertaken to release the sugars and amino acids. The pH of the growth medium using hydrolyzed cassava as carbon source and cowpea as ni…

Abstract: Captopril is a widely used anti-hypertensive drug that acts by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme. This work has been carried out to investigate the effects of captopril on some common biochemical laboratory parametres in the sera of patients receiving the drug. For this study, 40 subjects were included, all within the age range of 40 to 63 years and with newly diagnosed essential hypertension. From each patient, two samples were taken, one immediately before the start of treatment and the second one taken tw…

Abstract: Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in several manufactured products. The small size of nanoparticles facilitates their uptake into cells as well as transcytosis across epithelial cells into blood and lymph circulation to reach different sites, such as the central nervous system. Studies have shown different risks of Fe2O3NPs in the neuronal system and other organs. They are membrane-bound layer aggregates or single particles that could not enter only cells, but also in mitochondria and nuclei. Therefore, these par…

Abstract: Recent data showing that glucan stimulates defense reactions in plants through synthesis of resveratrol, led us to study the possible synergetic effects of a glucan-resveratrol complex on immune reactions in mice. We measured phagocytic activity, expression of CD4 marker on spleen cells, IL-2 secretion and antibody response. In all cases we confirmed the stimulatory effects of glucan. Resveratrol alone had either limit or has no effect. However, a combined preparation showed very strong synergetic effects. Our data…

Abstract: The moderately thermophilic bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis exhibits extraordinary resistance to ionizing radiation. RecA protein is considered to be one of the most important participants in radioresistance. To assess the role of the RecA protein in D. geothermalis, the recA gene was isolated from D. geothermalis and over expressed in Escherichia coli. After the D. geothermalis RecA protein (GeoRecA) was purified, the recombination activity was investigated in vitro. GeoRecA efficiently promoted the strand exch…

Abstract: A major challenge in using cassava peel as feed for animals is the presence of cyanogenic glycosides and the low concentration of protein. The present study investigated the possibility of upgrading cassava peels using fermented cassava pulp juice. Cassava pulp juice was squeezed out of grated cassava pulp and fermented for 3 days at ambient temperature. The microorganisms in the fermented pulp juice were identified as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Lactobacillus spp. Non-sterile cassava peels were sun-d…

Abstract: IN VIVO study was carried out to ascertain the mean corpuscular fragility (MCF) index and corresponding stability of three erythrocyte genotypes (HbAA, HbAS and HbSS) before (control; t = 0 h) and after (tests; that is, at t = 3, 6 and 18 h) five (5) antimalarial drugs (FansidarTM, HalfanTM, Quinine, CoartemTM, and Chloroquine phosphate) were administered to male participants. Clinically confirmed healthy non-malarious and malarious male participants enrolled for this study. Erythrocytes obtained from these individ…