Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Cellulases are a group of hydrolytic enzymes capable of degrading cellulose to the smaller glucose units. These enzymes are produced by fungi and bacteria. The solid waste of sugar, paper and industry using baggase, paper waste and cotton waste was fermented by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum in solid state fermentation. There is attempts to transfer the various industrial carbon waste to veterinary proteins depend on microorganisms by using of chemical process. The study indicates that the cellulases…

Abstract: Lignocellulolytic fungi have significant potential as bio-convertors with a particular capacity to degrade recalcitrant natural composts, such as lignin. We generated a cDNA library of a lignocellulolytic fungus, the Phellinus rimosus (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota), and a typical species of polypore mushroom from the Brazilian semi-arid region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report ever to describe the existence of a Ty1-copia retrotransposon in the P. rimosus species. Given the taxonomic comple…

Abstract: Filamentous fungi comprehend a heterogeneous group of heterotrophic microorganisms that act as saprobes or parasites or, less frequently as symbionts living in association with other organisms. Water samples obtained seasonally from April 2010 to March 2011 at sixteen different sites of Dal Lake, Kashmir were serially diluted five folds followed by spread plate technique for the isolation of filamentous fungi, spreading 0.1 ml inoculum from the serial dilution tubes on the Petri dishes containing Rose-Bengal Strept…

Abstract: Phytase is a new-style enzyme used in animal feed additive. It can increase phosphorus availability, decrease environmental phosphorus pollution and improve the performance of animals. Phytase gene was cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using first strand cDNA as template after reverse transcripting Aspergillus niger total RNA. The phyA gene was cloned into plasmid pYD1 which allows regulated expression, secretion and detection of expressed proteins on the surface of Saccharomyces ce…

Abstract: The biodiversity of mushrooms in Lagos State, Nigeria was studied using modern biotechnological method of DNA sequence analyses. Sixteen mushrooms were collected in Lagos State for 12 months. The mushrooms collected include: Agaricus campestris, Coprinus comatus, Daldinia concetrica, Ganoderma adspersum, Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma lucidum, Mycena haematopus, Mycena sp., Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus tuber-regium, Polyporus sp., Polyporus squamosus, Polyporus sulphureus, Trametes versicolor, Xylaria polymorpha…

Abstract: Fungi responsible for the spoilage of some berry, namely pawpaw (Carica papaya), sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), banana (Musa acuminata), garden egg (Solanum melongena), lemon (Citrus limoni), and tangelo (Citrus tangelo) with respect to their control using electromagnetic field were investigated. Fungi isolated include the genera of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Articulospora, Gonatobotryum, Varicosporium, Trichoderma, Blastomyces, Fusarium, Pleurothecium and yeast, Saccharomyces. The fungal isolates were tr…

Abstract: Beer is a beverage obtained through alcoholic fermentation of malt wort, usually made of barley, which could be added of other cereals, such as corn, rice or wheat. Its alcoholic content is between 3 and 8%. It can be considered a good source of polyphenols derived both from malt and hop. Due to its antioxidant capacity and low alcoholic content, its able to improve plasma antioxidant activity, reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, without the negative effects of high doses of alcohol. Beer is an unstable p…

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to milk permeate in the manufacture of sports drinks. The milk permeate contained 6.1% total solids, 4.2% lactose and 0.54% ash. The permeate was treated through several processes, heat fermentation and clarification. Strawberry and mango homogenates were prepared and stored at -20°C until use. Fruit beverages were prepared using the pretreated permeate and fruit homogenates at ratio of 3:1 (v/w). Sports drinks were chemically analyzed and organoleptically evaluated fresh and every 5 d…

Abstract: A novel cucumber seed coating agent was made from natural polysaccharide, fertilizer and microelement, etc., which achieved a good effect on increasing cucumber yield and antifeeding against pests. The foremost difference between this seed coating agent and conventional ones was that it controlled pests through the approach of repelling pests and enhancing the immunity of seeds, but not by killing pests. Results indicated that this seed coating agent had excellent control of pests and diseases and increased yield b…

Abstract: Amylases are enzymes that hydrolyze starch, releasing several products including dextrines and small polymers of glucose units. This work investigated the capacity of the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides of producing the amylolytic enzymes a-amylase and glucoamylase through fermentation in semi-solid medium of residues of the processing of rice, without supplementation. The a-amylase activity was determined according to the methodology of Pandey et al. (2005) and that of glucoamylase was determined…

Abstract: Sugar cane waste was used as substrates for the production of cellulase enzyme using Aspergillus niger and Tricoderm aviride. From the fermentation studies, sugar cane waste gave the best result with an enzyme activity value of (using A. niger and T. aviride) 2.7 and 2.6 IU/ml respectively. It gave the maximum enzyme activity at about the 10 days of cultivation, suggesting that is the optimum time when the enzyme may be harvested. The fermentation experiments were performed in solid stat fermentation (SSF). Incubat…

Abstract: Two new species namely, SARCINELLA LORANTHACEARUM and SCHIFFNERULA MELIOSMATIS were collected from Peppara and Neyyar Wildlife sanctuaries and Silent Valley National park are described and illustrated in detail.[...]

Abstract: Puccinia opizii on Carex curta is reported here as a new record for Pakistan. Furthermore, Coleosporium lycopi, Cronartium ribicola, Melampsora epitea, Peridermium thomsonii, Phragmidium rosae-moschatae, Puccinia carthami, Puccinia chrysanthemi, Puccinia circaeae, Puccinia graminis, Puccinia komarovii and Uromyces trifolii are additions to the rust flora of Fairy Meadows, Northern Areas, Pakistan.[...]

Abstract: In this study, ethanol produced from fruits of pineapple, orange and sweet lime was investigated. Effect of different constant times [24 and 72 h, and 8 days (in submerged fermentation)]; pH (3.5 to 8.5), temperature (78°C) and autoclave pre-treatment (121°C, 20min) were also studied to improve the yield of ethanol in fruits. Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida alb cans) are used for fermentation. Fermentation process used solid state fermentation and submerged fermentation methods. The results showed that…

Abstract: The essential oils from seven different aroma (finishing) varieties of hops (Humulus lupulus L.), “Cascade”, “Hallertauer”, “Northern Brewer”, “Saaz”, “Sterling”, “Vanguard”, and “Willamette”, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. A total of 98 compounds were identified with myrcene and α-humulene dominating the profiles. “Cascade” and “Northern Brewer” were rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons, chiefly myrcene, while sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, mostly α-humulene, do…